Application of water cumulative charges as a water spouts for intensive flame extinguishing

Shape cumulative charge is a set of explosive components that uses directional energy accumulation. The water cumulative charges are filled with water, which forms a water-directed beam that has the ability to effectively counteract the intense flame that is induced by gaseous flammable gas or liquid from the damaged gas duct and extinguishes it. Study contains description of the experimentally constructed cumulative charge as well as the analysis of results of experiments carried out in real conditions. Based on the facts gained from the experiments we can conclude that the cumulative water charge has a significant potential and possibilities to extinguish an intense flame.Web of Science68326426

Experimental Verification of the Mechanical Resistance of Forensic Marking by Means Synthetic DNA

This article deals with experimental verification of resistance of forensic identification marks (microdots in combination with artificial DNA) to property. It is considered mechanical abrasion from potential offender to remove or damage readability of marking and following identification. The aim of this work is to test the hypothesis that forensic marking can be completely removed by the process of mechanical abrasion without causing damages to a protected object. To fulfi ll this purpose it was designed and built a test equipment, where experiments were carried out to confirm or refute the above mentioned hypothesis

Studium průběhu uvolňování toxických zplodin hoření kapalin

Import 08/12/2009Prezenční030 - Katedra požární ochrany a ochrany obyvatelstvaNeuveden

The application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in hazardous areas monitoring and solving emergencies

Bezpilotní letadla (unmanned aerial vehicle – UAV) byly zkonstruovány před mnoha desítkami let, avšak právě v posledním období ve shodě s technologickým vývojem došlo také k progresi jeho rozšíření, a to jak mezi laickou veřejností, tak se předpokládá jeho dynamická integrace v rámci činnosti bezpečnostních složek. Právě v rozsahu jejich aplikace ve vztahu k řešení mimořádných událostí mají bezpečnostní složky výrazné rezervy, které by tato disertační práce měla odstranit. Budou zkoumány a analyzovány aspekty činnosti zejména jednotek Hasičského záchranného sboru České republiky a hledány možnosti využití UAV, a to nejen z hlediska nynějšího stavu techniky, ale také v souladu s možnostmi, které nabídne budoucí odhadnutelný technologický vývoj. Součástí práce bude rozsáhlá rešerše zahraničních pramenů, modelové analýzy aplikace UAV, výzkum metodou dotazníkového šetření odborníků týkající se této problematiky a koncept rozvoje využití UAV.Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) began being constructed many decades ago. Recently - in line with technological developments - there has also been a progression of its expansion, both among the lay public and its dynamic integration within the security services. The security forces have significant gaps regarding the scope of their application in relation to emergency response. This dissertation should solve this issue. The aspects of the activities of the Fire Brigade of the Czech Republic will be investigated and analyzed and the possibilities of UAV will be explored, not only from the point of view of the current state of the art, but also according to the possibilities offered by future technological developments. Part of the work will be extensive research of foreign sources, model analysis of the UAV application, research using the questionnaire survey of experts on this issue and concept of development of UAV utilization.060 - Katedra bezpečnostních služebvyhově

Evaluation of Pyrophoric Properties of Industrial Waste Dust according to Regulations Concerning the Transport of Dangerous Articles

Pevné látky s pyroforickými vlastnostmi mohou být příčinou požáru nejen v průmyslových podnicích, ale také při dopravě. Stručný přehled údajů o tomto specifi ckém chování některých látek byl zaměřen především na kovové prachy. Předpokládané pyroforické vlastnosti a sklon k samozahřívání u prachu s obsahem kovů byl testován laboratorními zkouškami, provedenými metodikou podle předpisů pro dopravu nebezpečného zboží po železnici nebo automobilovou dopravou (RID/ADR). Hodnoceny byly dva materiály stejného složení, ale s odlišnou velikostí částic. Reaktivita obou materiálů ke kyslíku byla dále hodnocena metodou termické analýzy.Solid substances with pyrophoric properties can be a cause of fi re not only in industrial enterprises but also in transport. A brief overview of data on this specifi c behaviour of some substances focused especially on metal dusts. Supposed pyrophoric properties and self-heating tendency of metal-containing dust were tested by laboratory experiments, performed with using the method in conformity with regulations concerning the transport of dangerous goods by rail and by road (RID/ADR). Two materials with the same compositions but with different particle sizes were evaluated. Moreover, the reactivity of both the materials towards oxygen was evaluated with using a thermal analysis method

In situ methods for measuring thermal properties and heat flux on planetary bodies

The thermo-mechanical properties of planetary surface and subsurface layers control to a high extent in which way a body interacts with its environment, in particular how it responds to solar irradiation and how it interacts with a potentially existing atmosphere. Furthermore, if the natural temperature profile over a certain depth can be measured in situ, this gives important information about the heat flux from the interior and thus about the thermal evolution of the body. Therefore, in most of the recent and planned planetary lander missions experiment packages for determining thermo-mechanical properties are part of the payload. Examples are the experiment MUPUS on Rosetta's comet lander Philae, the TECP instrument aboard NASA's Mars polar lander Phoenix, and the mole-type instrument HP3 currently developed for use on upcoming lunar and Mars missions. In this review we describe several methods applied for measuring thermal conductivity and heat flux and discuss the particular difficulties faced when these properties have to be measured in a low pressure and low temperature environment. We point out the abilities and disadvantages of the different instruments and outline the evaluation procedures necessary to extract reliable thermal conductivity and heat flux data from in situ measurements